Hi,
Mmmm ... depends on the details of the process. If it's some more-solid media - e.g. grit, beads, balls - in water at high pressure, I wouldn't. Aluminium alloy engine parts were mostly sand-cast, they're relatively soft, solid media in liquid at high pressure can actually be driven into the ally, cleaning won't remove it but when the engine is used and heats up, expansion of the castings releases solid blast media into the oil, to do nasty things to bearings, pump, etc.
Otoh:-
. Soda blasting's only residue is water-soluble; if you have access to a compressor, your "Harbor Fright" sells gun and blasting soda; do it outside, wash away the remains when done.
. Dry-ice basting doesn't leave any residue.
Would need polishing again?
Regret I don't know enough to comment on your tappets questions, but your crankcase photos. at least show good alignment around the holes for the tappet guide blocks?
Nevertheless, most important is whether main and camshaft bearing housings are concentric between the two crankcase castings. Meriden achieved this by bolting crankcase castings together and then machining them together. As castings had to come apart subsequently for engine assembly, to ensure castings machined together were reassembled together, each 'half' was stamped with a code on the lower engine mounting lug (note this isn't the "engine number" as stamped on the drive-side crankcase at the end of assembly)
If your engine's crankcase castings either have different codes or none at all, you might wish to have the aforementioned alignments checked. Any competent machinist can make a couple of shafts to check crank and cam bearings; however, the finished accuracy necessary probably means grinding which could cost you two or three hours. A possible alternative is sending the cases to
Coventry Spares (John Healy), who has the shafts to do the check.
Hth.
Regards,